Who are the Sikhs of Punjab?
What is Sikhism?
Sikhism, known in Punjabi as Sikhi, is the fifth largest religion in the world with over 25 million followers. Sikhi was founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji in the late 15th century in Punjab, a region straddling modern-day India and Pakistan. Over the following two centuries, nine successive Gurus expanded on Guru Nanak's teachings, establishing Sikhi as a distinct religious and social identity.
Sikhi teaches a message of equality, social justice, and devotion to one universal Creator. Its guiding principles are Naam Japna (meditation on God’s Name), Kirat Karni (earn and honest living), and Vand Chakna (share with others).
What is the Sikh holy book?
Central to Sikhism is the Guru Granth Sahib Ji, the holy scripture of the Sikhs. It is a compilation of spiritual teachings, hymns, and poetry by the Sikh Gurus and other enlightened souls, offering guidance on living a virtuous life. Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the tenth Guru, declared the Guru Granth Sahib Ji as the Eternal Guru, establishing the scripture as the spiritual authority for the Sikhs. Sikhs revere it as the living Guru and a source of divine wisdom, emphasising devotion, humility, and unity with the Creator.
Sikhs gathered at the Akal Takht for the 1986 Sarbat Khalsa
What are the Sikh articles of faith?
Sikhs are often distinguished by their distinct physical identity and are commonly known by their turbans. The turban, known in Punjabi as a dastaar, was historically associated with nobility and sovereignty and many Sikhs choose to adorn it as a public commitment to maintaining the values of Sikhi. In addition, baptised Sikhs are expected to embody these physical symbols of their faith, know as the Five Ks:
- Kesh: Unshorn hair symbolising spirituality and respect for God's creation.
- Kangha: A wooden comb representing cleanliness and order.
- Kara: A steel bracelet signifying restraint and unity.
- Kachera: Cotton undergarments symbolising modesty and self-discipline.
- Kirpan: A ceremonial sword representing protection and justice.
What is Seva and Langar?
All Sikhs are encouraged to perform seva or selfless service. One of the most profound expressions of seva is the institution of langar. Initiated by Guru Nanak Dev Ji, langar is a free community kitchen where people of all backgrounds, faiths, and social statuses come together to share a meal as equals. Langar is always available in all Gurdwaras (Sikh Temples) and is run entirely by volunteers and funded by donations, reflecting the spirit of generosity and collective responsibility. It is a powerful symbol of the Sikh commitment to equality, compassion, and serving humanity.